Journal: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Article Title: Association of substance use and vaginal infection with UTI in adolescent pregnant patients: a retrospective study
doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-08364-8
Figure Lengend Snippet: Vaginal infections and psychoactive substance use as contributing factors for E. coli urinary tract infection. G. vaginalis and C. albicans are known to cause vaginal infections in women during reproductive age; these microorganisms cause an increase in urinary pH, decrease in the genitourinary proportion of Lactobacillus spp and enhance uroepithelial exfoliation and apoptosis, promoting the growth and development of E. coli urinary tract infections. Additionally, the use of psychoactive substance impacts the immune system response by decreasing humoral and cell-mediated immunity and increasing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines leading to UTI by E. coli. *Please note that the figure presented was created using BioRender and serves as a summary of the observed results in this research
Article Snippet: E. coli genomic DNA was isolated using Quick-gDNATM MiniPrep (Zymo Research, USA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and isolates were classified into four phylogenetic groups using 100 ng of DNA in the multiplex-PCR described by Clermont et al. [ ].
Techniques: Infection